1. Core Definitions and Differences in Battery String Count (Most Fundamental Difference)

• 54.75V: This is the full-charge voltage of a 15-cell lithium iron phosphate battery pack, calculated from the full-charge voltage of a single lithium iron phosphate cell (3.65V × 15 = 54.75V), corresponding to a nominal battery pack voltage of approximately 48V (3.2V × 15).

• 58.4V: This is the full-charge voltage of a 16-cell lithium iron phosphate battery pack, calculated similarly as 3.65V × 16 = 58.4V, corresponding to a nominal battery pack voltage of approximately 51.2V (3.2V × 16).

2. Differences in Charging Compatibility and Safety Characteristics

• 54.75V: Requires a charger compatible with 15-cell lithium iron phosphate batteries. The charging mode must match the three-stage charging of lithium batteries (constant current - constant voltage - trickle charging) to avoid overcharging and battery damage.

• 58.4V: This is a common "nominal charging voltage" for lithium iron phosphate batteries. Dedicated chargers often use a constant current and constant voltage mode to ensure stable full charging of a 16-cell battery pack, while preventing battery bulging and overheating. It has wider compatibility (e.g., AGV, electric forklift chargers).

3. Differences in Applicable Scenarios and Equipment Matching
Both are used in industrial or energy storage lithium iron phosphate battery equipment (e.g., electric forklifts, sweepers, outdoor energy storage, AGVs), but the number of battery cells in each device is fixed and they cannot be used interchangeably:

• 54.75V: Compatible with 15-cell lithium iron phosphate battery devices with a nominal voltage of 48V, commonly found in small energy storage devices or light power tools.

• 58.4V: Compatible with 16-cell lithium iron phosphate battery devices with a nominal voltage of 51.2V, mostly used in medium-sized industrial equipment (e.g., electric forklifts, AGVs). It can compensate for the voltage drop in the later stages of lead-acid battery discharge, providing more stable power output.

4. Voltage Deviation and its Impact on Equipment

The difference between the two is approximately 3.65V (the fully charged voltage of a single lithium iron phosphate battery cell), which is a significant voltage deviation:

• Using a 58.4V charger to charge a 54.75V (15-cell) battery pack will result in overcharging, leading to bulging, leakage, and even a risk of fire.

• Using a 54.75V charger to charge a 58.4V (16-cell) battery pack will prevent the batteries from fully charging, resulting in insufficient voltage in individual cells and a reduction in total energy (approximately 55.6CWh, far lower than the fully charged 58.4CWh). This may also lead to insufficient equipment power and shortened battery life.